윈도우에서 cygwin 대신 MinGW와 MSYS로 C/C++ 개발환경 구축하기

윈도우 환경에  MinGW(http://www.mingw.org/) 와 MSYS 설치하기


무료로 쓰는 C/C++ 컴파일러를 설치하기 위해서
윈도우에 cygwin을 설치한다는 것은 좀 무겁다는 생각이 든다.
이럴 때는 MinGW와 MSYS를 설치하면 간단한 C/C++ 개발 환경이 구축된다.

MinGW는 윈도우용 GCC Compiler Toolchain이고,
MSYS(Minal SYStem)로 윈도우에서 리눅스 쉘(Linux Shell)과 Binutils 환경을 제공한다.


  1. MinGW 다운로드
        - 자세한 설치 방법은 HOWTO Install the MinGW (GCC) Compiler를 참조

  2. MSYS 다운로드
        - 자세한 설치 방법은 MSYS를 참조

  3. MinGW/bin, MSYS/1.0/bin 디렉토리를 환경변수의 PATH에 등록한다.
        - 만약 PATH를 잡지 않고 MSYS를 먼저 실행하였다면,

                  $  export PATH=/c/MinGW/bin:/c/msys/1.0/bin:$PATH
 
          하면 된다.

          설치 후 컴파일 테스트

                   $ gcc -o hello hello.c

                   $ g++ -o hello2 hello2.cpp

                   $ g++ rpnSTL rpnSTL.cpp


[ STL을 이용하는 C++ 예제 소스:  rpnSTL.cpp ]

// stl/rpnSTL.cpp -- RPN (Reverse Polish Notation) Calculator
//
//  Modified by PH Kim, 2009-02-08
//
//  Which are different from the original source rpn.cpp ?
//
//      1. double instead of int
//      2. negative value possible
//      3. support the power operator ^
//      4. etc
//
//  Compile:
//      [Borland C++ 5.5.1]  bcc32 rpnSTL.cpp
//        [Visual C++ 2008]  cl /EHsc rpnSTL.cpp
//                [GNU C++]  g++ rpnSTL.cpp
//
//  Execute:  rpnSTL
//            ./rpnSTL
//
// Original from:
//    http://www.fredosaurus.com/notes-cpp/examples/rpn/rpn.html
// ---------------------------------------------------------
// stl/rpn.cpp -- RPN (Reverse Polish Notation) Calculator
// Fred Swartz 2001-12-05, 2002-09-27
// ---------------------------------------------------------

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <stdexcept>

using namespace std;

//--- prototypes
double pop(vector<double>& stk);
void printVector(vector<double>& stk);
void clearVector(vector<double>& stk);
void printUsage();

//============================================================= main
int main() {
    vector<double> opndStack; // vector used as operand stack
    string token;          // to read number or operator

    cout << "RPN Calculator" << endl;
    printUsage();

    while (cin >> token) {
        if (isdigit(token[0]) || (token.length() > 1 && (token[0] == '-' || token[0] == '+') && isdigit(token[1]))) { // if first is digit, it's number.
            opndStack.push_back(atof(token.c_str())); // convert, push
            printVector(opndStack);
           
        } else { // If it's not a number, assume it's an operator
            double left, right;  //  used by some operators as temps

            switch (token[0]) {  // assume operators are one char
              case '+': opndStack.push_back(pop(opndStack) + pop(opndStack));
                        break;
              case '-': right = pop(opndStack); // get right operand
                        left  = pop(opndStack); // get left operand
                        opndStack.push_back(left - right);
                        break;
              case '*': opndStack.push_back(pop(opndStack) * pop(opndStack));
                        break;
              case '/': right = pop(opndStack); // get right operand
                        left  = pop(opndStack); // get left operand
                        opndStack.push_back(left / right);
                        break;
              case '^': right = pop(opndStack); // get right operand
                        left  = pop(opndStack); // get left operand
                        opndStack.push_back(pow(left, right));
                        break;
              case '=':
              case 'p':
                        break;
              case 'c':
                        clearVector(opndStack);
                        break;
              case 'q':
                        cout << "Quit" << endl;
                        exit(0);
                        break;
              case 'h':
                        printUsage();
                        break;
              default:  throw domain_error("Undefined operator");
            }

            printVector(opndStack);
            if (!opndStack.empty())
                cout << "    (" << token[0] << ") Top value: " << opndStack.back() << endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}//end main

//============================================================== pop
   // This utility function checks stack for underflow
   // and pops (removes and returns) last element.
double pop(vector<double>& stk) {
    if (stk.empty()) {
        throw underflow_error("Stack underflow.");
    }
    double result = stk.back();
    stk.pop_back();
    return result;
}//end pop

double peek(vector<double>& stk) {
    if (stk.empty()) {
        throw underflow_error("Stack underflow.");
    }
    return stk.back();
}//end pop

void printVector(vector<double>& stk) {
    int n = stk.size();
    cout << "[";
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
       cout << stk[i];
       if (i < n - 1)
           cout <<", ";
    }
    cout << "]" << endl;
}//end printVector

void clearVector(vector<double>& stk) {
    while (!stk.empty()) {
       stk.erase(stk.begin());
       // stk.pop_back();
    }
}//end clearVector

void printUsage() {
    cout << "  +,-,*,/,^: opr,  =,p: show top,  c: clear stack,  q: quit,  h: help" << endl;
}//end printVector

 

/*
// stl/rpn.cpp -- RPN (Reverse Polish Notation) Calculator
// Fred Swartz 2001-12-05, 2002-09-27
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>
using namespace std;

int pop(vector<int>& stk);  //--- prototype to pop stack

//============================================================= main
int main() {
    vector<int> opndStack; // vector used as operand stack
    string token;          // to read number or operator

    while (cin >> token) {
        if (isdigit(token[0])) { // if first is digit, it's number.
            opndStack.push_back(atoi(token.c_str())); // convert, push
           
        } else { // If it's not a number, assume it's an operator
            int left, right;  //  used by some operators as temps

            switch (token[0]) {  // assume operators are one char
              case '+': opndStack.push_back(pop(opndStack) + pop(opndStack));
                        break;
              case '-': right = pop(opndStack); // get right operand
                        left  = pop(opndStack); // get left operand
                        opndStack.push_back(left - right);
                        break;
              case '*': opndStack.push_back(pop(opndStack) * pop(opndStack));
                        break;
              case '/': right = pop(opndStack); // get right operand
                        left  = pop(opndStack); // get left operand
                        opndStack.push_back(left / right);
                        break;
              default:  throw domain_error("Undefined operator");
            }
            cout << "Result: " << opndStack.back() << endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}//end main

//============================================================== pop
   // This utility function checks stack for underflow
   // and pops (removes and returns) last element.
int pop(vector<int>& stk) {
    if (stk.empty()) {
        throw underflow_error("Stack underflow.");
    }
    int result = stk.back();
    stk.pop_back();
    return result;
}//end pop
*/

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